Better Reproductive Health
Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive gynecological procedure that allows direct visualization of the inside of the uterus, using a thin, illuminated instrument called a hysteroscope, inserted through the vagina and cervix. It is used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and is currently one of the most precise and safe tools available in modern gynecology.
What is hysteroscopy and when is it indicated?
Hysteroscopy allows the uterine cavity to be examined in great detail, identifying changes that are not visible through conventional imaging exams such as ultrasound. It is indicated in situations such as:
- Abnormal uterine bleeding — irregular or very heavy periods, postmenopausal bleeding, or spotting between cycles
- Uterine polyps and fibroids — benign structures that can cause symptoms and affect fertility
- Intrauterine adhesions (Asherman’s Syndrome) — scar tissue inside the uterus
- Congenital uterine malformations — septate uterus or other structural abnormalities
- Infertility or recurrent miscarriage — investigation of uterine factors that may be compromising pregnancy
- Follow-up after previous treatments — checking the effectiveness of prior procedures or interventions
Hysteroscopy can be diagnostic, when the goal is to observe and assess, or operative, when the identified cause can be treated during the same procedure, avoiding a second surgery.
How is the procedure performed at Clínica AEGER Prima?
The procedure is performed in a clinical setting, under local, regional, or general anesthesia, depending on the complexity of the case and the patient’s preference. The hysteroscope is carefully inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterine cavity, which is gently distended with saline solution or gas to improve visibility.
The doctor examines the entire uterine cavity and, when necessary, carries out treatment — such as removing polyps, submucosal fibroids, or adhesions — during the same procedure. It usually lasts between 20 and 60 minutes, depending on complexity. In most cases, the patient can return home the same day.
Before the procedure, an assessment consultation is held in which the gynecologist reviews the patient’s medical history, symptoms, and previous exams, defining the most suitable plan for each case.
What are the benefits of hysteroscopy?
Precise, direct diagnosis:
Allows real-time visualization of the uterine cavity, identifying changes that other exams may not detect as clearly.
Diagnosis and treatment in the same procedure:
In many cases, the identified cause can be treated without the need for a second surgery.
Minimally invasive:
Requires no external incisions, reducing the risk of complications and recovery time.
Fast recovery:
Most patients resume normal activities within a few days.
Improved reproductive health:
Resolving uterine abnormalities can significantly increase the chances of pregnancy in women with infertility or recurrent miscarriage.
Symptom relief:
Heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, and other complaints associated with uterine changes can improve considerably after treatment.
What is assessed during hysteroscopy?
01. Abnormal uterine bleeding
The doctor assesses the cause of irregular, heavy, or prolonged menstrual bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding, or blood loss outside the menstrual period, precisely identifying the source of the problem.
02. Uterine abnormalities
The presence of polyps, submucosal fibroids, intrauterine adhesions, or congenital malformations that may be causing symptoms or affecting fertility is assessed.
03. Infertility factors and recurrent miscarriage
Investigates potential uterine causes that may be compromising embryo implantation or the maintenance of pregnancy, contributing to a more targeted treatment plan.
04. Post-procedure follow-up
After the hysteroscopy, the gynecologist discusses the results obtained, the treatments performed, and recovery recommendations with the patient, as well as the long-term follow-up plan.
Frequently Asked Questions about Hysteroscopy in Lisbon
Is hysteroscopy painful?
The level of discomfort varies from patient to patient and depends on the type of anesthesia used. With local anesthesia, some patients may feel mild cramping during the procedure, similar to a heavy period. With general anesthesia or sedation, the procedure is carried out without any discomfort. The doctor will choose the most suitable option for each case.
How long does recovery take?
Diagnostic hysteroscopy has a very fast recovery, with most patients resuming normal activities the following day. After operative hysteroscopy, 1 to 3 days of rest may be needed. It is normal to feel some mild pelvic discomfort and light pink discharge in the first 24 to 48 hours after the procedure.
When can I resume sexual activity after hysteroscopy?
It is recommended to avoid sexual intercourse for 1 to 2 weeks after the procedure, or as specifically advised by the gynecologist. This period is necessary to ensure proper healing of the cervix and uterine cavity.
Can hysteroscopy improve my chances of getting pregnant?
In cases where infertility is related to uterine factors, such as polyps, adhesions, or malformations, hysteroscopy can help improve the condition of the uterus and, consequently, increase the chances of pregnancy. Results always depend on each specific clinical case, so the doctor will discuss realistic expectations during the consultation.
Are there risks associated with hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is considered a safe procedure. Complications are rare and may include infection, mild bleeding, or, in very exceptional cases, uterine perforation. The risk is significantly reduced when the procedure is performed by an experienced specialist in an appropriate clinical setting.
Do I need any special preparation before hysteroscopy?
In some cases, the doctor may recommend that the procedure be performed at a specific phase of the menstrual cycle for better visualization of the uterine cavity. Blood tests or prior exams may also be requested. All specific instructions will be provided during the assessment consultation.
What is Evaluated during Hysteroscopy Treatment?
Abnormal bleeding:
Assessing the cause of irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding, or spotting.
Uterine abnormalities:
Evaluating the presence of polyps, fibroids, adhesions, or congenital anomalies within the uterus.
Fertility concerns:
Investigating potential uterine factors contributing to infertility or recurrent miscarriages.
Post-procedure expectations:
Discussing the findings and treatment outcomes, as well as addressing any questions about recovery and long-term results.
